Improvement in ventilators for buildings



Ajai l -4 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE WV. MUIR, OF MANCHESTER, COUNTY OF LANCASTER, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO JESSE ALBERT LOCKE, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN VENTILATORS FOR BUILDINGS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 36.059, dated July 29, 1862.

T0 all whom it may concern,.-

Beit known that I, GEoEGE WALKER MUTE, of Manchester, in the county of Lancaster, in the Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, have invented new and Improved Apparatus for the Ventilation of Buildings, Ships, and and Drying-Stoves, and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and` to the letters 'of reference marked thereon.

The principal feature of the invention is the dividing of the Ventilating apparatus or air-shaft by means of internal partitions or divisions into three or more channels or passages having external openings to the atmosphere and internal openings to the apartment, cabin, stove, hold, chamber, or other inclosed space requiring ventilation, the openings being arranged so that whatever may be the direction of an external air-current some one or more openings shall be exposed to it in such a way as to receive an entering current, while other openings are free for the outgoing current without interference from the external current.

The apparatus is susceptible of numerous modifications, which, still embodying the said principal feature, vary more or less as regards details, as will appear from the accompanying explanatory drawings, which I proceed to describe as follows: l

Figure l is an elevation, and Fig. 2 is a vertical section, of a simple modication of my improved ventilator as applied to a houseroof. Figs. 3, 4, and 5 are horizontal sections.

The air-shaft A may be square, as shown in Figs. l, 3, and 5, round, as shown in Fig. 4, pc-

lygonal, or of other convenient form; and the internal partitions, B, may be disposed as shown in Figs. 3, 4, or 5, or otherwise. Valves or doors C are generally provided to regulate the ingress and egress of air.

For Ventilating lower floors the air-shaft A may either be carried upward through the rooms above or it may be led horizontally between the ceiling and the upper floor, as shown in the vertical section in Fig. 6. Although in this ligure the internal opening is shown in the center of the room, it may beat any other con venient part. This arrangement is, however,

well adapted for hospital-wards having beds arranged along each side of the room. I would also here remark that the internal channels of the ventilator may communicate with branch passages or tubes, so as to distribute the entering air to various parts of the inclosed space requiring ventilation. s

' Fig. 7 isa vertical section, and Fig. 8 is a horizontal or cross section, of another modification of my improved Ventilating apparatus. In this modiiication, with the separate airpassages a arranged,substantially as described, with reference to the other moditicational' combine a central tube or passage, D, for the escape of heated and viiiated air from a gas-light-(of the kind termed sunlight or roof-light, for example.) An air space or passage, E, immediately surrounds this tube D, whereby the heat of the escaping gases in the tube D is taken advantage of to cause a rising current in the space E, which assists in Ventilating the apartment or inclosed space. The means of supporting the gas-burners and accompanying details in connection with the passages D E, I'

have not thought it necessary to show, as these are well understood and may be varied.

The lower end of the air-passage E is open to the inclosed space to be ventilated, while its upper end and that ofthe tube D communicate, as shown in Fig. 7, with spaces a', separated by inclined partitions F from the cuter air-passages, a. In some cases the tube D is not carried up to the outlet, but is formed with branches-su ch as areindicated by dottedlines at cZ-by which the heated gases are discharged into the attics of a building. To the lower ends of the passages a a deflecting-ilange, G, is applied'for the purpose of preventing the entering aircurrent from striking directly downward by deliecting or spreading it horizontally. This improvement may be applied to the other modifications. The openings to the external atmosphere may be protected from rain in various ways. Thus a simple overhanging cover, H, is shown as adopted in Fig. l, the sides of the air-shaft A being carried up within this cover, lwhile the arrangement shown in Fig. 7 consists of lateral openings protected by louver-boards I.

Having thus particularly described my said invention and the manner of carrying the same into effect in such iniproved and sirnplied modes as have suggested themselves to me from the experience I have had since I obtained British patents respectively dated January 3, 18557 and January 13, 1858, for simi-A lar Objects, I have to state that I ani aware that for heating and Ventilating buildings by aseending currents of air created by heat from a fire an air-passage has been divided into a smokepassage and a hot-air passage. This I do not claim; but

What I do claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

In combination with a Ventilating apparatus or an air-shaft divided into three or more passages, the external openings to the atmosphere and the internal openings to the apartment, so that Whatever may be the direction of the external natural currents of air some one or more openings shall be exposed to it in such a Way as to receive an entering current, While other openings are free for the outgoing current Without interference from the external Current, as described.

G. W. MUIR.

Vitnesses:

EDMUND HUNT, 4

28 N. Enoch Square, Glasgow. WM. S. THoMsoN,

Clerk to the above. 

